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Assessment of Some Inflammatory, Cardiac and Coagulation Markers Associated With Moderate Alcohol Consumption in Nnewi, Nigeria

Ehiaghe Friday Alfred, Ihim Augustine, Osakue Omoyemen Nosahkare, Onah Ejike Christian, Ehiaghe Imuetiyan Joy, Erhunmwunse Raphael Usiosefe, Oyeyemi Adekunle Wahab, Akinshipe Benson Olu

Background: Moderate alcohol consumption had been associated with a lower relative threat of chronic heart disease. The precise mechanisms of this lower risk are not always clear.

Methods: Thus, this study was designed to determine the inflammatory cytokines, myocardial, and homeostatic responses using the levels of circulating interleukin 1β, IL-10, serum C-reactive protein, absolute lymphocyte counts, creatinine kinase-M, troponin-I and values of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. The pre and post experimental design consists of 50 consented apparently healthy young male with an average age of 28.3 ± 3.0 years and body mass index of 24.7 ± 1.8 (Kg/m²) who were randomly selected from residents and staff of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi environ. The blood samples collected in EDTA (1.5 mg/ml) were used for absolute white blood cell count and total white blood cell count using Sysmex^® Automated Hematology Analyzer. Blood anticoagulated with 0.109 M trisodium citrate (9: 1 v/v) were used for the measurement of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. Serum interleukin 1β, IL-10, serum C-reactive protein, creatinine kinase-M and troponin-I were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. All numerical results were analyzed with student’s t-test using SPSS version 20.0 statistical program. P<0.05 were considered significant.

Results: The levels of IL-1β, IL-10 and CRP were significantly lower at one month post alcohol consumption when compared with pre stage while the levels of TLC, AGC, ALC, CK-MB, TI, PLT, APTT and PT shows no significant difference at one month post alcohol consumption when compared with pre stage.

Conclusion: One month alcohol consumption tends to switch the cytokine pattern toward the anti-inflammatory pattern. Thus, it is extremely important that alcohol use be constrained to moderate consumption.