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Clinical and biochemical indicators in patients with heart failure and diabetes

V.Vasilakopoulos, S.Theodoridou, P.Roditis, E Kipirtidou, G.Papagoras, Chr.Tsoumis, S.Lampropoulos

Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) is a common complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with an annual incidence of 2,3-30,9 cases per 1.000 patients. While Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension are the most common causes of HF, a significant number of patients with DM without the above diseases develop left ventricular dysfunction, n, which is characterized as Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Purpose: This study compared clinical and biochemical markers in patients with heart failure, with or without diabetes. Material-Method: 203 patients with a mean age of 67 ± 9 years were studied, who came to our outpatient clinic during the period 2016-2019 and the data were collected from the records of our clinic. Patients in both categories were selected in such a way that they did not differ in age, sex, renal function, blood pressure, heart rate, ejection fraction, or in characteristics of HF, such as type, severity (NYHA). , the duration of the disease and the hospitalizations. Clinical and biochemical markers (body mass index (BMI), history of myocardial infarction, dyslipidemia, family history of coronary heart disease, taking statins, smoking) were recorded during their initial visit to the doctor’s office. Results: Patients with heart failure and diabetes mellitus. had higher BMI (p = 0.07), more frequent history of myocardial infarction (p = 0.032), dyslipidemia (p <0.0001), positive history of coronary heart disease (p <0.001), more frequent statins (p <0.001), smoking less (p <0.001), consumed less alcohol (p <0.0026) and received more regular antiplatelet drugs (p <0.025). Finally, low-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower in patients with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Patients with CA and SD may have different clinical and biochemical characteristics than those with CA without SD. In particular, they outperformed those without diabetes in non-modifiable risk factors, while excelling in drug compliance and avoidance.