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Dual effects of microwave and salinity stresses on growth and Na+ and K+ amounts of durum wheat plants

Rağbet Ezgi Duran, Barış Budak and Ozan Yolcu

The aim of our study was to determine the dual effect of microwave and salinity stresses on germination rate, root length (cm), shoot height (cm), root/shoot ratio, K+, Na+ amount (mg-1) and K+/Na+ ratio of Triticum durum Desf. Ç-1252 seeds and seedlings. Microwave 1 energy level (90W), 2 treatment periods (28,56 sec.) and various salinity concentrations were used in this study. For the evaluation of each energy level and saline treatment, 30 seeds in equal sizes were used. The results showed that salinity stress for 75, 150 and 225 mM resulted in a decrease in germination rate of seeds (P<0.01). The rate of germination increased significantly with the microwave treatment in the 150 and 225 mM NaCl+90(W) applications. When the NaCl treatments were individually examined with those of control group, it was found that the root lengths and shoot heights of the plants have decreased, but it was found to have increased with individual microwave treatment (P<0.01). Also root length and shoot height increased in 75 and 225 mM NaCl+90W (28 sec.) treatments (P<0.01). The root/shoot ratio was found to have increased in all treatments compared to the control group except for the 75 mM NaCl+90W (56 sec.) and 150 mM NaCl+90W (28 sec.) treatments. The Na amounts of plants tissue increased with salt treatments. The salt treatments increased the Na+ amount significantly (P<0.01) while amount of K+ decreased under low-level saline treatment (75 mM NaCl), but the saline treatments in higher amount (150 mM NaCl) came up with a significant increase compared to the control group.