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Physicochemical Quality of Raw and Pasteurized Milk from Sebeta and Bishoftu Urban Areas, Oromia, Ethiopia

Dereje Shibru, Berhan Tamir, Firew Kassa, Gebeyehu Goshu 

The study was aimed at analyzing physicochemical quality of raw and pasteurized milk of crossbred dairy cows from Sebeta and Bishoftu area of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. A total of hundred raw milk and twelve pasteurized milk samples were used to analyze the physicochemical qualities. The General Linear Model (GLM) was utilized for variance analyses of data on milk physicochemical parameters. Difference in sample type significantly affected physical parameters of milk pH, specific gravity and freezing point. The results for the percentage overall raw milk sample of Sebeta and Bishoftu area showed that lactose (4.91 ± 0.12), protein (3.28 ± 0.08)%, fat (3.68 ± 0.25)%, solid not fat (8.93 ± 0.22)%,total solid (12.61 ± 0.41)%, ash (0.74 ± 0.02)% and lactose (4.36 ± 0.06)%, Protien (2.90 ± 0.04)%, fat (3.59 ± 0.13)%, solid not fat (7.93 ± 0.11)%, total solid (11.52 ± 0.20)%, ash (0.66 ± 0.01)% respectively. Significant difference was observed in lactose, protein, solid-non-fat, total solid and ash values between the study sites. Raw milk samples from Sebeta areas had higher percentage of composition whereas physicochemical components of pasteurized milk was significantly lower than that of raw milk and also below the minimum requirement of Ethiopian standard for protein, fat, total solid and specific gravity. Results of this finding of raw milk fulfill minimum requirements of standards to be accepted. The finding of this study provided up to date information on raw and pasteurized milk physicochemical quality which can be an important input for regulatory bodies.