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Sufism impact on Iranian society, culture and literature

Karamali Ghadamyari

This study tries to survey aspects of Sufism and its harmful and beneficial effects on Persian society, culture and literature. Throughout history, no state can be found that in which there is now trace of mysticism present. Although this phenomenon in Iran in the very beginning was not specified in the form of regular and ideological device, Sufi thoughts gradually grew and from the fourth century, it was regularized, organized, made progress and became fullfledged. Coordination and concurrence of the Iranian spirit with Sufism led to the fact that ordinary people, and intellectual class of society and governmental authorities be attracted to it. Thus, such a school indelibly influenced the culture and literature of the people, especially poetry. Its effects and consequences, on both speech and thought have remained until now. Moderation and different feelings of different religions, propagations and promotion of Islam among the various nations and ethnic groups, the opposition of citizens to the court and bourgeois class, the rise of irrationalism, the down fall of intellectualism, hatred towards worldly affairs and relying too much on God - which resulted in leisure-seeking idleness, passivity the creation of a new language, new words entering to the language arena were all the impacts of mysticism on the culture of the society. Iranian mentality and thought naturally helped the above- mentioned process.